Curtain wall is one of the most advanced and widely used building facade systems, employed in the design of high-rise, commercial, and villa buildings. This system consists of a supporting structure called “mullions” (frames), where glass or other filler materials are installed. Mullions are typically made of aluminum and are installed both horizontally (transoms) and vertically.

Outstanding Features of Curtain Walls

1. Lightweight and High Strength :
   • Reduces the dead load of the building and enhances resistance to earthquakes.
2. Modern Aesthetics :
   • Creates a luxurious and modern appearance for buildings.
3. Natural Light Transmission :
   • Maximizes the use of sunlight for interior lighting, reducing the need for artificial lighting.
4. Sound and Thermal Insulation :
   • Lowers energy consumption for heating and cooling while increasing occupant comfort.
5. Weather Resistance :
   • Provides protection against wind, rain, and other weather conditions.

Types of Curtain Wall Systems and Their Features

1. Face Cap System :
   • Glass panels are placed within the frame, and decorative caps (round, rectangular, or oval) are installed over the mullions. These caps not only secure the glass but also create an aesthetically pleasing appearance.
2. Frameless System :
   • Uses special adhesives or EPDM rubber to secure the glass. The absence of visible frames creates a sleek, transparent, and modern look, ideal for luxury buildings.
3. Semi-Frameless System :
   • Combines elements of both face cap and frameless systems. Caps are used in one direction, while adhesive or EPDM rubber is used in the other, creating a unique and attractive facade.
4. U-Channel System :
   • Utilizes special glass spacers and small aluminum components to secure the glass. This system is similar to the frameless system but is more cost-effective to install.

Methods of Curtain Wall Installation

1. Stick Curtain Wall System :
   • The most common method of installation. Main components such as vertical and horizontal profiles are cut on-site and installed individually onto the building’s structure.
2. Unitized Curtain Wall System :
   • Prefabricated units are manufactured in a factory and transported to the project site. All cutting, assembly, structural connections, and even glass installations are completed in the factory. This method is highly suitable for large-scale and high-rise projects.

Advantages of Curtain Walls

1. Aesthetic and Modern Design :
   • Creates a luxurious and contemporary appearance for buildings.
   • Offers flexibility in design and material selection.
2. Natural Light Transmission :
   • Reduces the need for artificial lighting and promotes energy savings.
3. Sound and Thermal Insulation :
   • Lowers energy consumption for heating and cooling.
   • Enhances occupant comfort by reducing external noise.
4. Lightweight and Reduced Dead Load :
   • Improves the building’s resistance to seismic activity.

Disadvantages of Curtain Walls

1. High Construction and Maintenance Costs :
   • Requires high-quality materials and advanced technology.
2. Vulnerability to Corrosion :
   • Necessitates the use of rust-resistant materials and protective coatings.
3. Dependence on Weather Conditions :
   • Sensitive to strong winds and acid rain.

Cost of Curtain Wall Installation

The cost of installing curtain walls depends on various factors, including the type of facade, area, installation method, design, and materials used. The use of anti-reflective glass, hidden hinges, and high-quality silicone adhesives can increase costs. However, due to the numerous advantages of this system, its long-term benefits often justify the investment.

Conclusion

Curtain walls are among the most modern facade systems, combining aesthetics, functionality, and unique features. They are widely used in high-rise, commercial, and villa buildings. By providing natural light, sound and thermal insulation, and reducing the building’s dead load, this system improves quality of life and reduces energy costs. However, high construction and maintenance costs, along with sensitivity to certain weather conditions, remain challenges.

Companies like Tarh-e Eslim Gostar offer high-quality curtain wall installation services using cutting-edge technology and experienced teams at competitive prices. If you’re considering installing a curtain wall for your project, consulting with experts in this field can help you make the best decision.